9.14.2009

resident evil 5

Resident Evil 5

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Resident Evil 5

North American cover
Developer(s) Capcom
Publisher(s) Capcom
Distributor(s) THQ (Australia)
Designer(s) Director
Kenichi Ueda
Yasuhiro Anpo
Producer
Jun Takeuchi
Masachika Kawata
Sound Designer
Hideaki Utsumi
Yoshihiko Wada
Writer(s) Haruo Murata
Composer(s) Kota Suzuki (lead composer)
Wataru Hokoyama (orchestral)
Series Resident Evil
Engine MT Framework (enhanced) with Havok Physics[1][2]
Version 1.03
Platform(s) Xbox 360, PlayStation 3, Microsoft Windows[3][4]
Release date(s) Xbox 360, PlayStation 3
JP March 5, 2009
NA March 13, 2009
PAL March 13, 2009
Microsoft Windows
JP September 17, 2009[5]
NA September 15, 2009[6]
EU September 18, 2009[6]
Genre(s) Survival horror, third-person shooter
Mode(s) Single-player, online and offline co-op
Rating(s) BBFC: 18
CERO: D
ESRB: M
OFLC: MA15+
OFLC: R18
PEGI: 18+
Media DVD-DL, BD-ROM, Steam (PC US and UK Version)
System requirements 4900MB HDD space (PS3, required)
1099KB Per save file (PS3)
6.8GB HDD space (Xbox 360, optional)
76KB Per save file (Xbox 360)
Input methods Gamepad, Keyboard & Mouse
Resident Evil 5, known in Japan as Biohazard 5 (バイオハザード5?), is a survival horror video game developed and published by Capcom. The game is the seventh installment in the Resident Evil survival horror series, and was released on March 5, 2009 in Japan and on March 13, 2009[7][8] in North America and Europe for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360.[9] Polish games publisher CD Projekt stated in an interview that they expect a Windows version of the game in the second half of 2009.[10] Resident Evil 5 revolves around Chris Redfield and Sheva Alomar as they investigate a terrorist threat in Kijuju, a fictional town in Africa.
Within its first three weeks of release, the game sold over 2 million units worldwide and became the highest selling game of the franchise in the United Kingdom. As of June 1, 2009, Resident Evil 5 has sold 5 million copies worldwide since launch,[11] becoming the best selling single title in the series.[12]

Contents

[hide]

[edit] Gameplay

Chris and Sheva battling a group of enemies.
Resident Evil 5 features similar gameplay to Resident Evil 4, with context-sensitive controls and dynamic cut scenes also making a return.
The player can control Chris Redfield or Sheva Alomar in a similar fashion to Leon S. Kennedy in Resident Evil 4,[13] with the same over-the-shoulder perspective.[14] Once again, the game's environment plays a significant role.[13] The Mercenaries minigame, featured in previous Resident Evil games, is present in Resident Evil 5.[15] At launch, the multiplayer in the minigame was offline only, but a launch day patch gave the game online multiplayer.[16]
The game features new types of enemies called "Majini", meaning evil spirit in Swahili.[17] Furthermore, they are different from the previous ganados.[13] The number of weapon variations has been greatly increased compared to the previous games in the series; there are now several varieties of the handgun, shotgun, submachine gun and rifle to choose from.[18]
The game features some online elements.[19] Resident Evil 5's main story mode can be played with two players, in a co-operative online mode. The feature will allow players to enter or leave anytime during the game. Players will not always stick together, and can be separated at points during the gameplay.[15] An offline co-op mode is also in the game with the same co-op experience offered by the online co-op mode, only with two local players controlling the action in split screen.[20]

[edit] Synopsis


[edit] Setting

The setting of Resident Evil 5 has a similar feel to the film Black Hawk Down.[9][21] Takeuchi added that the development team is composed of staff members who worked on the original Resident Evil.[9] The game is a direct sequel to the Resident Evil series,[9] and continues chronologically after Resident Evil 4.[22] The player characters and protagonists are Chris Redfield and Sheva Alomar,[13] and the game takes place roughly ten years after the events of the original Resident Evil. The story explores Chris' life during the ten year interval between the two games. During the game's events, he is a member of a group known as Bioterrorism Security Assessment Alliance (BSAA), and sent to investigate a terrorist bio-organic weapon threat in an African desert area in Kijuju, that serves as the game's setting.[13] The antagonists of the game include Albert Wesker, a returning antagonist to the series, and Excella Gionne, a relative of the founder of the Tricell Pharmaceutical Company who operates the company's African branch.[23] Ozwell E. Spencer, the founder of Umbrella Corp. and a key figure in the background story of the series since the original Resident Evil, is also included in a flashback.[24]

[edit] Story

The game begins as Chris Redfield is deployed to Kijuju, Africa, to join Sheva Alomar and apprehend Ricardo Irving, who is attempting to sell a bio-organic weapon on the black market. Along the way, they witness a local being fed a parasite, which quickly takes control of his body, turning him into a Majini. From here on, almost all Kijuju locals seen by Chris and Sheva have been turned into Majini. While moving to the location of Irving's deal, Chris and Sheva find Alpha team dead, except Captain DeChant, who gives them a hard drive containing data about Irving before he dies. As the duo progress, a friendly helicopter is downed, and all nearby BSAA units are ordered to go to the crash site. At the crash site, the duo is ambushed by Majini on motorcycles, but are then saved by Delta team. Among Delta team is Josh Stone, Sheva's mentor who gives Chris data from a hard drive that contains a picture of Jill Valentine, his old partner, who was presumed dead after a confrontation with Albert Wesker. Chris does not tell Sheva about the image and they continue, and eventually confront Irving. During this confrontation, a hooded figure arrives to aid Irving's escape. Irving leaves behind files which indicate that an oil field in the Marshlands, which was used to test out bio-organic weapons, is the actual deal location, the previously suspected one having been a hoax to slow the BSAA while the actual deal was taking place. The duo report this to headquarters, then attempts to regroup with Delta team. Upon arriving at the rendezvous point, they find that Delta team has also been killed by a bio-organic weapon, but Sheva cannot find Josh among them. After defeating the bio-weapon, Sheva suggests reporting back to HQ, being the two sole survivors, but Chris admits to Sheva his true reason for participating in the mission, and expresses his determination in finding out if Jill is still alive. After a brief argument, Sheva concludes that they are partners, and she will help him all the way. They continue on to the Marshlands, eventually finding Josh alive. They pursue Irving on a boat, but he escapes again and the oil field is blown up while the two escape with Josh on a speedboat. The trio locate and catch up to Irving's boat, and Chris and Sheva board it. Irving confronts the duo, and then injects himself with a virus, which causes him to mutate into a gigantic beast. Chris and Sheva defeat the mutated Irving, who is detached from the gigantic beast body, and upon death, he tells Chris that he will find answers to his questions in a nearby cave.
Upon arriving in the cave, Josh leaves the pair in order to report to HQ. The cavern leads Chris and Sheva to the underground kingdom of the Ndipaya tribe. Upon exploration, the duo find an underground base, one of the first to be set up by Umbrella, but currently operated by Tricell. Chris and Sheva find evidence and documentation that the Progenitor virus, which is the component in both the T- and G-virus that controls a subject's body, was found and manufactured here. The Progenitor virus was manufactured from a plant residing in the Ndipaya kingdom, called the Stairway to the Sun. The plant was used in Ndipayan ceremonies, but Ozwell Spencer took interest in it, and drove the Ndipaya out to build a base and study the plant, which eventually yielded the Progenitor virus. Chris and Sheva progress through the underground laboratory, and find a massive chamber with thousands of capsules containing human test subjects. The facility is documented in one of the hard drives, so Chris searches the computer database for an entry about Jill. The elevator takes them to the capsule in which Jill was being held, while they defeat the bio-organic weapon, U-8. The capsule opens, but it is empty. Excella Gionne then appears on a computer screen and warns them to leave. The duo later intercepts a radio transmission of Excella talking to Wesker, indicating Wesker's survival. Sheva and Chris confront Excella, but she infects a test subject with the Uroboros virus, which turns him into a bio-weapon. After killing it, the two pursue Excella, eventually catching up to her. When interrogating Excella, Chris and Sheva are attacked by the hooded figure who aided Irving's escape. Wesker then reveals himself and unmasks the hooded figure, Jill, who is hostile and fights alongside Wesker. After a short fight, Wesker escapes and the duo are left to battle Jill. They spot a device on Jill's chest, which they remove. Jill then regains control of her body, apologizes for her actions and urges Chris and Sheva to pursue Wesker. Chris, who is reluctant to leave Jill, grudgingly agrees.
Chris and Sheva and emerge on the surface. They spot Wesker and Excella boarding a cargo ship, and follow. On the ship, the two find Excella, but she escapes, dropping a case of full syringes, which Sheva collects. Meanwhile, Wesker reminisces about a confrontation with Spencer, who tells Wesker that he is the only surviving subject from the "Wesker Plan," which was an attempt to create the ideal human being for Spencer's envisioned utopia. Spencer fantasizes about being the god of this utopia and Wesker impales him, declaring, "The right to be a god? That right is now mine."
Chris reflects on what he's fighting for in the game's final cinematic.
Meanwhile, Chris and Sheva progress, and find a pile of corpses, Excella amidst them in pain. Wesker implies over an intercom system that Excella has been infected with Uroboros. Suddenly, Uroboros erupts from Excella's mouth, consuming her body and absorbing the others. Chris and Sheva escape, regroup, and use a satellite laser on the cargo ship to defeat the giant Uroboros monster. They continue to pursue Wesker, whom they spot over a surveillance monitor about to board a bomber that, if shot down, would infect the entire world with the Uroboros virus. Jill then calls Chris and tells him that Wesker's strength is the result of a potentially unstable virus and that he must regularly inject a serum in precise amounts to maintain his power. Before losing connection, Jill implies that an overdose of this drug, which Excella always carried in a suitcase by her, would likely act as a poison. Sheva then discovers that the serum is in one of the syringes she collected from Excella. The two find Wesker, restrain him, and inject him with the serum. He escapes onto the bomber, and the duo pursue him. After a short confrontation with Wesker, Chris deactivates the bomber, which plummets into a volcano. Before they crash, however, Sheva shoots Wesker off the bomber, into the volcano below. Chris and Sheva, now in the volcano, discover that Wesker survived and he infects himself with Uroboros. They defeat the infected Wesker, who falls into the lava. A helicopter appears over the horizon, manned by Josh and Jill, and Chris and Sheva board it. As the helicopter attempts to fly away, Wesker attempts to pull it down into the lava with him. Sheva and Chris kill[25] Wesker with two rocket-propelled grenades, and the helicopter is freed. In the helicopter, Chris ponders whether it is worth fighting to preserve humanity. He looks at Sheva and Jill and then decides it is worth it, "for a future without fear."

[edit] Development

The Limited Edition box of Resident Evil 5 containing a Red Xbox 360 Elite, and the game itself.
Capcom officially announced Resident Evil 5 on July 20, 2005.[26] Jun Takeuchi, the director of Onimusha and producer of Lost Planet: Extreme Condition, took over producer duties from Hiroyuki Kobayashi. Keiji Inafune, who served as promotional producer for Resident Evil 2 and executive producer for the PlayStation 2 version of Resident Evil 4, oversaw the project.[27] In February 2007, members of Capcom’s Clover Studio were also called upon to help develop the game. However, many developers from the studio moved on to work on the Resident Evil: The Umbrella Chronicles, which debuted for the Wii.[28][29] Several staff members who also worked on the original Resident Evil were involved in development. Takeuchi announced the game would utilize the same gameplay model introduced in Resident Evil 4, while implementing thematics from the original Resident Evil.[30]
On January 21, 2009 D+PAD Magazine reported that Resident Evil 5 would be released with Limited Edition Xbox 360 box art,[31] pictures of the Limited Edition box claiming to allow 2–16 players to play offline via system link.[citation needed] Capcom initially responded stating that their "box art isn't lying", but refused to give any more details.[32] However, soon after, Capcom issued another statement that contradicted their original response stating that the information on the box art was an error and that the correct number of players supported by system link is only two.[33]

[edit] Music

The music for the video game was composed by Kota Suzuki, whose previous works include Onimusha 3: Demon Siege (2004) and Devil May Cry 4 (2008). His score was electronic, but includes 15 minutes of orchestral underscore, which was recorded in Los Angeles at the Newman Scoring Stage at 20th Century Fox Studios with a 103-piece ensemble of the Hollywood Studio Symphony. Additional orchestral arrangements were composed by Wataru Hokoyama, who conducted the orchestra.[34]
Capcom recorded in Los Angeles because they wanted a Hollywood-style soundtrack that would increase the game's cinematic value and global interest. The game’s soundtrack features an original theme song as well as live orchestral music compositions, a first for the game series. The theme song is composed by Kota Suzuki and sung by Oulimata Niang.[35]

[edit] Windows version additions

[hide]System Requirements

Minimum Recommended
Windows[36]
Operating System Windows XP or Windows Vista
CPU Intel PentiumD Processor AMD Athlon64 X2
Intel Core2Duo 2.4 Ghz Processor or better AMD Phenom X4 or better
Memory Windows Vista (1GB) Windows XP (512MB)
Windows Vista (2GB or more) Windows XP (1GB or more)
Hard Drive Space 8.0 GB of free space
Graphics Hardware DirectX 9.0c/Shader3.0 or higher compatible, NVIDIA GeForce 6800 series or higher, ATI HD 2400 Pro or higher, VRAM 256MB or higher DirectX 10.0/Shader3.0 or higher compatible, NVIDIA GeForce 8800GT series or higher, ATI Radeon HD 4850 or higher, VRAM 512MB or higher
Sound Hardware DirectSound compatible, DirectX 9.0c (or higher) compatible
The Windows version of Resident Evil 5 will feature online play for co-operative play sessions over the internet and will also take advantage of NVIDIA’s new GeForce 3D Vision technology (wireless 3D Vision glasses sold separately).[37] The PC version will also have exclusive contents, such as new costumes and an improved Mercenaries minigame. Resident Evil 5 has a scheduled release date for the 14 and 18 September in North America and Europe respectively. A benchmark tool has also been released for system performance and to test the new 3D technology which is implemented in all the cutscenes within the game.[38]

[edit] Marketing

Capcom revealed a brief trailer for Resident Evil 5 at E3 2007.[39][39] The full E3 trailer for the game became available on the Xbox Live Marketplace and the PlayStation Network Store on July 26, 2007.[13][40] In late March 2008, the April issue of Famitsu Wave was bundled with a DVD containing a preview of the game. Takeuchi gave new information on the game and showed new gameplay footage. A new trailer shown at Captivate '08 debuted on Spike TV's show Gametrailers TV, on May 31, 2008, as well as the GameTrailers.com website.[41][42] A playable demo of the game was released in Japan on December 5, 2008 for the Xbox 360.[43] The demo was later released in North America and Europe for the Xbox 360 on January 26, 2009, and on February 2, 2009 for the PlayStation 3.[44][45] Microsoft released a limited edition red Xbox 360 Elite console that was sold along with the game. This bundle included a Resident Evil Premium Theme for the Xbox 360 Dashboard and a voucher for Super Street Fighter II Turbo HD Remix over Xbox Live. In the Netherlands the limited edition of the Xbox 360 Elite that was packaged with Resident Evil 5 was black instead of red.

[edit] PlayStation Home

Capcom has released a dedicated Game Space for the PlayStation 3's online community-based service, PlayStation Home. This space is called the Resident Evil 5 "Studio Lot" (or Biohazard 5 "Film Studio" for Japan). This space is themed around the in-game opening location of Kijuju. The lounge offers Resident Evil 5-related items, a variety of events, a game launching feature, and is the first Home space to offer an in-lounge shop. Some areas in the space are only available to users who own Resident Evil 5. This space is available to all regions of PlayStation Home and was released on March 5, 2009.[46] The game of Resident Evil 5 also supports Home rewards, such as a Chris Redfield ornament for achieving certain trophies in Resident Evil 5.

[edit] Downloadable content

Shortly before the release of the game, it was announced that a competitive multiplayer mode, titled Versus, would be available for download in the coming weeks.[47] It was later announced that the content would cost less in Japan than in the rest of the world, but that the release date for Japan had been pushed back to April 9, 2009.[48] On April 6, 2009 Capcom announced that Versus would be available to download in Europe and North America on April 7, 2009 on both the Xbox Live Marketplace and the PlayStation Network.[49] The 'Versus' content contains two different online game types. Slayers is a point-based game that challenges players to kill Majini, while in Survivors players must hunt each other. Players may also play Team Survivors or Team Slayers in which there are four players, two on each side.[49]

[edit] Reception

[hide] Reception

Aggregate scores
Aggregator Score
GameRankings 86/100[50]
Metacritic 85/100 (Xbox 360)[51]
86/100 (PS3)[52]
Review scores
Publication Score
1UP.com B[53]
Edge 7/10[54]
Eurogamer 7/10[55]
Game Informer 9.5/10[56]
GamePro 4.5/5[57]
GameSpot 8.5/10[58][59]
IGN 9.0/10[60]
Official Xbox Magazine 9/10[61]
X-Play 3/5[62]

[edit] Downloads and sales

The downloadable demo of Resident Evil 5 exceeded 4 million downloads worldwide during its release on the PlayStation Store and Xbox Live services, with over 1.8 million of these downloads taking place in the first three days.[63]
The PlayStation 3 version of Resident Evil 5 was the top-selling game in Japan in the two weeks following its release, with 319,590 units sold.[64] Resident Evil 5 became the fastest-selling game in the franchise in the United Kingdom, additionally becoming the biggest Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 game launch to date in the region.[65] In France, the game sold 110,555 units during its first week, approximately half of the available stock in the country at the time.[66] As of June 1, 2009, Resident Evil 5 has sold 5 million copies worldwide since launch,[11] becoming the best selling game in the series.[12]

[edit] Reviews

Reviews for Resident Evil 5 have been generally positive. The Official Xbox Magazine complimented the game's fast pace of action and called the graphics gorgeous.[61] X-Play noted that while the game's graphics were exceptional, the single player AI was hard to play through.[62] Game Informer complimented Resident Evil 5 saying it had the best graphics of any game to date and that the music helped make enemies come alive.[56] Edge complimented Resident Evil 5's gameplay calling it exhilarating and frantic, but criticised the control system.[54] IGN stated in their review that split screen co-op was very confusing and that the game had a surprisingly high replay value.[60] 1UP! repeatedly compared Resident Evil 5 to Gears of War 2. But while they compared the games multiple times in their review, they complained about Resident Evil 5's new controls.[53] Eurogamer noted that Resident Evil 5 felt a lot like past games in the franchise and that it is just like any other third person action shooter.[55]

[edit] Allegations of racism

Scene depicting the lead character firing on villagers.
Resident Evil 5's 2007 E3 trailer was questioned for its depiction of a white protagonist killing black enemies in a small African village. Newsweek editor N'Gai Croal began the criticism, stating, "There was a lot of imagery in that trailer that dovetailed with classic racist imagery." He acknowledged that only the preview had been released.[67][68]
The second trailer for the game, released on May 31, 2008, revealed a more racially diverse group of enemies, as well as Sheva, a BSAA agent[69] who assists the protagonist.[70] However, designer Jun Takeuchi denied that complaints about racism had any effect in altering the design of Resident Evil 5.[71] Takeuchi commented that the game's producers were surprised by the controversy.[72] In an interview with MTV, he explained that Capcom's staff is racially diverse, and acknowledged that various cultures may have had different opinions on the trailer.[72][73] In an interview with Computer and Video Games, producer Masachika Kawata also commented on the issue, stating, "We can't please everyone. We're in the entertainment business - we're not here to state our political opinion or anything like that. It's unfortunate that some people felt that way."[74][75]
In Eurogamer's February 2009 preview of Resident Evil 5, Dan Whitehead expressed concerns about the controversy the game may generate, stating that "it plays so blatantly into the old clichés of the dangerous 'dark continent' and the primitive lust of its inhabitants that you'd swear the game was written in the 1920s" and "there are even more outrageous and outdated images to be found later in the game, stuff that I was honestly surprised to see in 2009." The article also states that the addition of the light-skinned Sheva "compounds the problem rather than easing it."[76]
Glenn Bowman, Senior Lecturer in Social Anthropology at the University of Kent, Canterbury,[77] has stated that he does not believe Resident Evil 5 is racist. Bowman added that the game presents an anti-colonial theme.[78]
One particular scene in the game, said to show black men dragging off a screaming white woman,[76] was submitted for evaluation to the British Board of Film Classification (BBFC), which deemed it not to be racist. Sue Clark, Head of Communications at the BBFC, stated, "We do take racism very seriously, but in this case there is no issue around racism."[79][80]

9.12.2009

riwayat hidup kurt cobain

Archive for the ARTIKEL Category

Kisah Kurt Donald Cobain

Posted in ARTIKEL on April 27, 2008 by pisankstyle
Kisah hidup Kurt Cobain, vokalis kelompok Nirvana yang oleh majalah Rolling Stones dimasukkan ke dalam kategori 50 artis terbaik sepanjang masa, berakhir dengan tragedi bunuh diri. Hal itu dipaparkan dengan baik dalam buku Heavier Than Heaven; Biografi Kurt Cobain. Melalui buku itu, Charles R Cross ingin mengatakan bahwa
popularitas ternyata juga menyimpan sisi-sisi kelam yang kadang terasa absurd.
Kurt Cobain lahir di Aberdeen, sebuah kota yang khas dengan industri penggergajian di negara bagian Washington, 20 Februari 1967. Sejak kecil ia sudah memperlihatkan berbagai bakat dan kecerdasan, baik di bidang olahraga maupun seni. Kurt masuk dan berperan besar dalam tim bisbol dan gulat di sekolah. Dia juga sangat menyukai pelajaran seni dan senang melukis.
Tapi kehidupan Kurt dalam keluarganya begitu suram, terutama sejak perceraian kedua orang tuanya, ketika ia berusia sembilan tahun. Peristiwa itu menjadi bencana emosional terbesar dalam hidupnya. Kurt jadi membenci kedua orang tuanya. Apalagi ketika ayahnya menikah lagi dan ibunya berpacaran dengan pemuda yang umurnya hanya tujuh tahun lebih tua darinya.
Peristiwa itu mengubah Kurt menjadi sosok pemurung, tertutup, dan berandal. Kurt kemudian mulai berkenalan dengan dunia obat-obatan hingga akhirnya putus sekolah.
Jalan menuju popularitas Kurt di jalur musik juga tidak mudah diraih. Di masa-masa awal sebelum sukses, Kurt bersama personel Nirvana lainnya kadang harus menempuh jarak ratusan hingga ribuan mil untuk melangsungkan konser promosi album pertamanya, Bleach. Penontonnya pun kadang cuma 20 atau belasan orang. Bayarannya hanya cukup untuk mengganti bensin.
Tapi semua perjuangan keras Kurt terbayar ketika album kedua Nirvana, Nevermind, hadir dengan hentakan dahsyat sehingga mengguncang peta musik internasional. Album yang dirilis September 1991 itu dengan cepat bertengger di puncak teratas tangga lagu Billboard, menggeser Dangerous-nya Michael Jackson. Seiring dengan itu pula, popularitas Kurt dan Nirvana mencuat luar biasa.
Pada titik inilah kemudian pelan-pelan mulai terlihat sisi-sisi suram popularitas sebagaimana dialami Kurt. Sikap dan gaya hidup Kurt yang memang penuh kontradiksi dan kontroversi, keterlibatannya dengan dunia narkoba, menurut pengakuan Kurt juga dipicu oleh penyakit perut yang dideritanya sejak lama. Kisah kehidupan keluarganya dengan Courtney Love, semua menjadi bahan menarik untuk diangkat media.
Pemberitaan dari tabloid The Globe dan majalah Vanity Fair tidak lama setelah kelahiran anaknya, Frances, misalnya. Bagi Kurt dan istrinya tampak seperti penghakiman bahwa keduanya tak berhak mengasuh anaknya itu, dengan mengabaikan kenyataan bahwa Frances lahir dengan sehat. Karena itulah, pada tingkat tertentu, Kurt kadang mengalami semacam paranoid terhadap media, khawatir bila ternyata apa yang diberitakan tentangnya justru sesuatu yang tak ia sukai–entah itu karena berupa fitnah maupun semacamnya.
Rasa putus asa dalam mengatasi problem kecanduannya serta untuk memperbaiki kehidupan keluarganya, baik dalam relasinya dengan kedua orang tuanya maupun keluarganya sendiri, mengantarkan Kurt pada satu kondisi depresi yang luar biasa. Akhirnya, di awal April 1994, Kurt ditemukan bunuh diri di rumahnya dengan meledakkan kepalanya sambil mengonsumsi obat-obatan, setelah beberapa hari sebelumnya kabur dari rumah sakit di Los Angeles, tempat ia dirawat untuk mengatasi kecanduannya.
Meninggalnya Kurt akibat bunuh diri ini menambah daftar panjang para artis dan orang-orang ternama lainnya yang mengakhiri hidup dengan cara yang tragis itu. Sebelumnya tercatat nama Jim Morrison, Jimi Hendrix, dan Janis Joplin, para musisi yang secara kebetulan sama-sama meninggal di usia 27, seperti juga Kurt.

KURT TERKAYA?….

Posted in ARTIKEL on October 22, 2007 by pisankstyle
Kurt Cobain, almarhum terkaya
kurt
Mantan penyanyi utama Nirvana, Kurt Cobain, mengungguli Elvis Presley sebagai yang terkaya diantara para selebriti yang sudah meninggal.
Situs bisnis Amerika, Frobes.com, menyebutkan Cobain meraih penghasilan US$ 50 juta dollar dalam waktu 12 bulan hingga Oktober 2006.
Sementara itu di tempat kedua adalah Elvis Presley dengan penghasilan sebesar US$ 42 juta.
Selama 4 tahun sebelumnya, Presley selalu berada di peringkat pertama, namun rupanya kali ini dia digeser oleh sesama pemusik.
Penghasilan mendiang Kurt Cobain yang berada di puncak pertama ini didorong oleh istrinya yang menjual 25% saham atas karya-karya Cobain.

ASAL USUL GRUNGE (*Kurt CObain Leader)

Posted in ARTIKEL on October 22, 2007 by pisankstyle
Seperti yang dijanjikan, saya akan mengutarakan isu Grunge dalam post kali nih. So sit back and read carefully…
Grunge; Apa itu Grunge?? Seringkali kita terdengar perkataan ini disebut2 sama ada di peringkat budak sekolah rendah, sekolah menengah, universiti, orang kerja, orang takde kerja, semua pasti pernah terserempak atau terlibat dalam ape yang dikatakan Grunge. Tapi yang menjadi persoalan ialah apabila disoal, lain pula jawapan nya. Ada yang terus mengatakan “Grunge tu Kurt Cobain la!”…ada pula yang berpendapat “Grunge tu budaya negatif, dadah, arak”. Jadi ape sebenarnya Grunge??
Grunge berasal dari Seattle, sebuah bandar di Barat Laut AS. Pada tahun 1970an dan 80an, muzik heavy metal dan glam rock amat kuat pengaruh di AS. Band2 seperti Led Zeppelin, AC/DC, Queen, Black Sabbath, semua ini boleh dikatakan antara nama besar dalam scene muzik AS ketika itu. Ketika scene metal sedang melonjak naik, Punk juga sedang mengumpul pengaruhnya di AS. Punk berasal dari British melalui band seperti Sex Pistols, Rancid etc…baiklah, kita hentikan cerita tentang Punk, nanti melalut plak.

Jika dilihat daripada perkembangan muzik Seattle di atas, tidak salah untuk kita katakan yang Grunge adalah gabungan daripada kedua-dua genre muzik metal dan punk. Grunge itu RAW, mentah, kotor. Tapi jangan salah anggap, itu hanyalah terma muzik nya sahaja (walaupun ramai pioneer grunge mmg macam tu)…hahahaha….cuba anda bayangkan gabungan antara riff gitar yang berat daripada muzik metal…cuma lebih bingit (kurang Gain, kuat Treble)…dan dimainkan dengan tempo yg sedikit perlahan daripada muzik metal (seperti punk)…itulah muzik Grunge…at least…pada awalnya. Liriknya berkisarkan tekanan perasaan, kehidupan masyarakat, sosial dan lain2. Berbeza daripada punk yang sering bercerita tentang kebebasan mutlak, penentangan, pemberontakan…grunge lebih versatile stail muziknya…tidak terikat dengan apa2 jenisan…mahupun rock bingit atau akustik…selagi ianya raw…dengan bunyi gitar yang kadang2 disusuli bunyi feedback amplifier…itulah Grunge.


Grunge bukan sekadar muzik semata2, ia merupakan state of mind…meliputi fesyen, view of life, muzik….pendek kata semua mesti grunge lah! ! Baju lusuh (bundle laaa…), kasut kanvas (converse? jack parcel?), rambut serabai, jeans koyak sket2….itulah fesyen para Grungies pada awalnya (skang pun ade lagi). Tapi jangan disamakan grunge dengan punk atau metal…punk ade dresscode tertentu mengikut fahaman mereka…ade falsafah tertentu…metal pula ketika itu mesti dark, mesti rambut panjang gile….glam rock toksah cite la…baju nampak dada luas, seluar ketat, rambut mengerbang, headband….fuuhhh…name lagi glam-rock kan…glamour!!

Pengasas Grunge?? hmm…susah untuk saya katakan disini…tapi ape yg saya tahu, orang pertama yang menggunakan terma Grunge ialah Mark Arm, vokalis band Green River (kemudian Mudhoney) ketika mendifinisikan muzik bandnya sebagai “pure grunge, pure shit!”. Dari saat itu, media telah melabelkan semua band yang muziknya agak2 sama dengan Green River sebagai GRUNGE. Ada yang melabelkan Neil Young, bekas anggota Pearl Jam (masih ingat lagu Keep On Rockin’ In A Free World??) sebagai The Godfather Of Grunge kerana kekerapannya menggunakan distortion gitar dan hasil kerjanya bersama band lama Crazy Horse.
Awal 90an; Grunge masuk mainstream! Inilah saatnya dunia mengenali Nirvana, Pearl Jam, Alice In Chains, Soundgarden,The Smashing Pumpkins, Mudhoney dan banyak lagi!! Grunge sudah mula menular keluar daripada kepompong Seattle dan pelbagai festival muzik seperti Lollapalooza telah diadakan sempena ‘demam’ Grunge!! Cuba anda dengar lagu2 band di atas, pasti anda akan berkata “Yang mana satu grunge ni? Semua lain2″…hahahaha….tapi jika diamati ciri2 yang telah saya berikan sebelum ini, pasti anda akan jumpa persamaannya. MTV telah mula menayangkan video2 klip band grunge seperti Soundgarden dan Nirvana. Label2 besar telah berani untuk mempertaruhkan band2 ini di arus perdana dunia. Ketika ini kita dapat menyaksikan zaman kemuncak grunge, yang telah menenggelamkan metal (yes..even Metallica pun susah nk cari makan lepas Black Album!!) dan muzik2 lain.
Kematian Kurt Cobain pada 1994 telah memberi impak yang besar kepada scene grunge dunia. Ini diikuti dengan berita kematian Kristen Pfaff (Hole) dan sebelum itu, pada 1990, Andrew Wood (Mother Love Bone) telah meninggal dunia yang membawa kepada pembubaran band tersebut. Semua kes kematian disebabkan overdose Heroin. Ini telah memberi tamparan yang hebat kepada scene Grunge. Mereka dilabel sebagai penagih dadah dan golongan yang tak bermoral. Tahun 1996 telah menyaksikan banyak band grunge berkubur. Pearl Jam dengan album terakhirnya No Code, Alice In Chains membuat persembahan terakhir bersama vokalisnya Layne Staley (yang meninggal dunia pada tahun 2000 juga kerana heroin), Soundgarden dan The Screaming Trees turut merilis album studio terakhir mereka. Nirvana juga telah merilis album live mereka From The Muddy Banks Of The Wishkah yang merupakan rilisan terakhir mereka sebelum menyepi selamanya. Itulah tahun terakhir yang menyaksikan otai2 grunge dunia bergiat dalam scene muzik. Grunge telah mati (Grunge is Dead) dengan meninggalkan ‘anak2′ nya; Alternative dan Post-Grunge yang lebih radio-friendly muziknya (Creed, Nickelback)..sekadar menyebut beberapa nama.
Sekarang di Malaysia sendiri telah banyak band yang lahir daripada demam Grunge. Butterfingers ialah nama besar yang tak harus disingkirkan daripada proses evolusi ini. Cuma lama kelamaan mereka ‘dituduh’ telah lari daripada asal usul mereka…Grunge. Tapi jika dilihat definisi Grunge itu sendiri sebagai sesuatu yang raw…mentah…unpolished…Butterfingers still got it right! Sukar untuk saya bercerita mengenai scene grunge di Malaysia kerana usia ketika itu baru setahun jagung (darjah 5…darjah 6 camtuh). Tetapi yang pasti, ramai anak2 muda sekarang yang ‘Grunge’-nya hanya sekadar ucapan. Mereka tidak tahu asal usul dan root asal muzik itu (masih ada budak skolah yang mengeja Grunge sebagai Grunch! hahaha). Sedarlah bangsaku…
Di bawah ini saya sertakan riwayat hidup Grunge. Hijau untuk band yang telah pupus. Oren untuk band yang masih aktif. Kelabu untuk band yang agak2 akan aktif untuk 2-3 taun lagi.
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